"Open your newspaper any day of the week and you will find the news that somewhere in the world someone is imprisoned, tortured or killed because his/her opinions or religion are unacceptable to his/her government." So began an article published on May 28, 1961 on the London newspaper The Observer, written by the London lawyer Peter Benenson after hearing that two Portuguese students had been sentenced to seven years’ imprisonment for raising their glasses in a toast to freedom. "The newspaper readers feel a sickening sense of impotence. But if these feelings of disgust all over the world could be united into a common action, something effective could be done. "
Started with this article and based on the campaign for forgotten prisoners that followed, Amnesty International was created in 1961.
Since then and for all these 50 years, many campaigns have followed, for the forgotten prisoners, against the death penalty, to the more current " I demand dignity." There are many actions, and many results obtained in half a century of work.
Hundreds of thousands of people have found freedom, or have had their lives saved thanks to an appeal. Several international standards, such as the UN Optional Protocol on Child Soldiers and the Convention on Enforced Disappearances have been developed with the help of Amnesty International. Amnesty International’s mobilization has opened the way for establishing the International Criminal Court.
Years of intense campaigns, together with prestigious allies, have prompted the UN to commit to a treaty regulating the arms trade, to prevent falling into the hands of regimes that violate human rights. While country after country, the world decided to put an end to executions, Amnesty International has been the focus of the coalition that convinced the UN to approve a global moratorium on the death penalty.
Together with the campaigns, including many mobilizations, from world tour Human Rights Now! in 1988, with artists like Peter Gabriel, Sting and Bruce Springsteen to Palamnesty set up by the Italian Section in 1998 opposite the headquarters of the UN Diplomatic Conference on the International Criminal Court.
However, words such as poverty, insecurity, deprivation, exclusion, discrimination, violence, torture, death penalty, arbitrary detention, unfair trials are still current. Until they become obsolete words, Amnesty International will continue to call on governments to respect human rights, to end the violations.